■Research Activities Team Research 2013

Tokugawa Society and Japanese Modernization ―The Cultural Blooming of Japanese Society and the International Influence during the period from the 17th to the 19th Century

Category Third research sphere Comparison of Cultures

It has generally been understood that Japanese modernization began in 1853 when Commodore Perry of the US arrived with his East India Squadron. He delivered the American President’s letter addressed to the Shogun and demanded that Japan open its country. In introductory books, it has been common to start the story of Japanese modern history from this moment. The standard narrative that follows is: Japan had to make a decision to open the country by concluding a treaty of peace and amity with the US in 1854; continuously signed similar treaties with major European nations; further concluded a treaty of amity and commerce with the US that determined Japan’s new direction of international relations; domestically experienced political strife over these treaties, which finally developed into a state of civil war; finally saw the Meiji Restoration that realized the unification of the country in the name of the Emperor; then, the Japanese modernization took shape… This is the average understanding among the Japanese concerning the historical evolution from the Tokugawa time towards the Meiji period.However, from a more global point of view, it is clear that such historical experience of Japan is not natural or common. During the same period, Asian countries were largely colonized or encroached upon by Western powers. Such state of Asia (or world) in the 19th Century tells us that it was particularly significant from a perspective of the history of civilizations that Japan could maintain its independence and succeed in the development of a capitalistic economy as well as a modern society. In order to understand why it was possible for Japan, it would be far from enough to mention the Meiji Government’s modernization policy. Here, it is inevitable to pay attention to the capacity already possessed by the Japanese society prior to Meiji: Tokugawa Japan had foreseen ambitions of Western powers towards Asia; taken nation-wide measures to cope with them; and actually had ability to compete with them.How did the society of Tokugawa Japan come to have such capabilities? -This is the theme of this team research project. Kasaya Kazuhiko’s previous project, “Japan in the 18th century: cultural conditions and international environment” focused on the 18th century of Tokugawa Japan and shed light on a variety of new cultural trends stemming in the society. This new project has a widened focus, and will deal with the whole Tokugawa period from the 17th to the 19th century. It will synthetically address the above-mentioned question involving scholars from various fields.

Research Representative 笠谷和比古 国際日本文化研究センター・教授
Organizer 佐野真由子 国際日本文化研究センター・准教授
Team Researcher 磯田道史 静岡文化芸術大学文化政策学部・准教授
伊藤奈保子 広島大学大学院文学研究科・准教授
岩下哲典 明海大学ホスピタリティ・ツーリズム学部・教授
上村敏文 ルーテル学院大学・准教授
魚住孝至 国際武道大学体育学部・教授
大川 真 吉野作造記念館・副館長
加藤善朗 京都西山短期大学・教授
上垣外憲一 大手前大学総合文化学部・教授
郡司 健 大阪学院大学企業情報学部・教授
小林龍彦 前橋工科大学・教授
小林善帆 京都女子大学・非常勤講師
菅 良樹 淳心学院中学・高等学校・教諭
高橋博巳 金城学院大学文学部・教授
武内恵美子 秋田大学教育文化学部・准教授
竹村英二 国士舘大学21世紀アジア学部・教授
谷口 昭 名城大学法学部・教授
芳賀 徹 国際日本文化研究センター名誉教授、東京大学名誉教授
長谷川成一 弘前大学人文学部・教授
原 道生 明治大学名誉教授
平井晶子 神戸大学大学院人文学研究科・准教授
平木 實 立命館大学文学部・非常勤講師
藤實久美子 ノートルダム清心女子大学文学部・准教授
前田 勉 愛知教育大学教育学部・教授
松山壽一 大阪学院大学経営学部・教授
宮崎修多 成城大学文芸学部・教授
宮田 純 関東学院大学・非常勤講師
森田登代子 NPO法人なにわ創生塾・主宰
横谷一子 大阪医療福祉専門学校・非常勤講師
横山輝樹 元総研大院生
米沢 薫 翻訳業
脇田 修 大阪歴史博物館・館長
和田光俊 独立行政法人新エネルギー・産業技術総合開発機構システム業務部・主幹
伊東貴之 国際日本文化研究センター・教授
瀧井一博 国際日本文化研究センター・教授
Frederik CRYNS 国際日本文化研究センター・准教授
姜 鶯燕 国際日本文化研究センター・機関研究員
滝澤修身 国際日本文化研究センター/長崎純心大学人文学部・客員教授/教授
辻垣晃一 国際日本文化研究センター/京都府立東舞鶴高等学校・客員准教授/教諭
Wybe KUITERT 国際日本文化研究センター/ソウル国立大学環境大学院・外国人研究員/准教授
Team Researcher Overseas 平松隆円 チェラロンコーン大学(タイ)・専任講師